Archive for the ‘Asia y Pacífico’ Category
Thursday, May 22nd, 2008 |
Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda will visit Germany, Britain and Italy to meet the heads of those nations June 1-3 ahead of the Group of Eight summit that Japan will host the following month, government sources said.
During the trip, the prime minister will take part in a conference in Rome on world food security sponsored by the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization.
Fukuda will hold talks with German Chancellor Angela Merkel, British Prime Minister Gordon Brown and Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi.
He will also meet French President Nicolas Sarkozy in Rome. Fukuda will almost certainly see those leaders again at the G-8 summit in Lake Toyako, Hokkaido.
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Monday, May 19th, 2008 |
Many prefectural chapters of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party apparently have given up on Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda, a survey shows.
In an Asahi Shimbun poll of executives of the 47 prefectural LDP chapters, 22 chapters said the ruling party should choose a new leader before the next Lower House election.
Only 12 chapters said Fukuda should lead the LDP in the next election round.
While a Lower House election is not required until September 2009, the opposition parties have intensified pressure on Fukuda to dissolve the Lower House before then for a snap election.
The survey, conducted May 12-15, covered prefectural chapter executives, such as chapter secretaries-general.
Questions concerned the party leadership and the government’s decision to send back to the Lower House for a second vote legislation to limit use of road taxes exclusively for road construction over the next decade.
The LDP membership is worried about Fukuda’s ability to lead the party to victory in the next Lower House election. Those fears were touched off in part by the defeat of the LDP candidate in the April 27 by-election in the No. 2 district of Yamaguchi Prefecture.
The latest Asahi survey also produced ample evidence that LDP chapters were distancing themselves from Fukuda.
An official of the Saitama chapter said, “It will be difficult to fight an election with Fukuda leading because too many negative factors have piled up.”
Some chapters pointed to Fukuda’s lack of leadership ability. An Aichi chapter official said, “Fukuda cannot make decisions to actually implement policy.”
The LDP will likely not be able to ignore opinions at the prefectural chapter level. When Yoshiro Mori was prime minister and also had low public support ratings, local assemblies passed resolutions urging Mori to step down as soon as possible. Such moves in part spurred Mori’s decision to resign after a year in office.
LDP Secretary-General Bunmei Ibuki on Friday continued to defend Fukuda, saying the party leader was doing his best.
However, another executive said, “(Local chapters) are very sensitive to public opinion because they are close to the voters. The Cabinet will not be able to survive without a reshuffle.”
When chapters that said Fukuda should be replaced were asked who would be a suitable replacement, the only name that came up was Taro Aso, the former LDP secretary-general. Seven chapters said Aso should replace Fukuda.
The executives of prefectural chapters of opposition Minshuto (Democratic Party of Japan) were also asked similar questions about their leader.
In contrast to the LDP groups, 44 Minshuto chapters said their party should keep Ichiro Ozawa on as leader to fight the next Lower House election.
Only Gifu and Tokushima prefectures said Ozawa should be replaced.
Fukuda also angered some LDP members because he pledged to release the road tax revenues to the general-use budget from fiscal 2009.
While 37 Minshuto prefectural chapters said they supported that position, 16 LDP chapters, about a third of all chapters, said they opposed the move.
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Monday, May 19th, 2008 |
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El seísmo de Sichuan ha provocado 71.000 muertos, desaparecidos y sepultados, según ha indicado el más alto responsable de la provincia, Liu Qibao, tras el último balance realizado el domingo. El número de muertos confirmados oficialmente es de 34.073.
Además, más de 200 trabajadores han quedado enterrados bajo las avalanchas de lodo en los últimos tres días mientras reparaban carreteras de las áreas afectadas por el terremoto del pasado lunes en la provincia suroccidental de Sichuan. Según informa la agencia oficial Xinhua, los sepultados trabajaban en la reparación de las vías de comunicación.
Tras la catástrofe, China ha iniciado tres días de duelo nacional en conmemoración por las miles de víctimas mortales del terremoto que sacudió el sudoeste del país hace una semana. El recordatorio comenzó con una ceremonia en la plaza de Tiananmen al amanecer, presenciada por unos 2.600 espectadores.
Desde este lunes las banderas ondean a media asta y se han suspendido las actividades de ocio. Ésta es la primera vez en la historia de la República Popular que se conmemora de esta forma a las víctimas de una catástrofe. Un duelo nacional de este tipo sólo fue ordenado en el pasado ante la muerte de jefes de Estado.
El relevo de la antorcha olímpica a lo largo de China también se ha suspendido durante las jornadas de luto.
Poco antes de que diera comienzo el luto, un nuevo milagro se producía con el rescate de dos mujeres de entre los escombros, según la agencia Xinhua. Los expertos hallaron viva a Wang Fazhen, de 50 años, entre las ruinas de un edificio residencial de la Mina de Carbón de Tianchi, a las 10.30 hora local (02.30 GMT), y fue extraída de entre las ruinas 40 minutos más tarde con débiles síntomas de vida.
Otra mujer, Li Lingcui, de 61 años, fue también salvada de entre los escombros en el distrito de Beichuan, en una zona cercana al epicentro, diez minutos después del rescate de Wang.
En la provincia de Sichuan se han producido cientos de nuevos réplicas. La policía ha intentado evitar que la población entre en el área afectada por miedo a que los temblores derriben edificios inestables o se produzcan inundaciones graves.
Las autoridades han advertido del riesgo que existe por la acumulación de agua por el desplazamiento de tierras. La agencia Xinhua señala que la situación más peligrosa se encuentra a sólo tres kilómetros de la localidad de Beichuan, donde trabajadores de rescate aún buscan sobrevivientes.
Seis días después del terremoto, la cifra total de muertos se acerca a los 71.000 y 220.000 personas se encuentran heridas.
El domingo un nuevo temblor de magnitud 5,7 provocó que miles de personas huyeran de edificios en la capital provincial, Chengdu, ubicada unos 200 kilómetros al sur del epicentro de la última réplica.
Xinhua asevera que no hubo reportes sobre víctimas, pero que los caminos quedaron seriamente dañados.
El Ejército chino también intenta responder a las preocupaciones sobre la seguridad de sus instalaciones nucleares, incluyendo un importante laboratorio de armas atómicas cercano al área afectada.
“Puedo decir responsablemente que todas esas instalaciones son seguras”, sostuvo Ma Jin, alto funcionario del Ejército de Liberación del Pueblo, en una conferencia de prensa desde Pekín. “No hay ningún problema”, agregó. Mientras tanto, cerca de 4,8 millones de personas han perdido sus hogares. |
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Saturday, May 17th, 2008 |
–An annual three-day peace march started here Friday, a day after the 36th anniversary of Okinawa’s reversion to Japanese sovereignty.
A total of 7,000 people are expected to take part over the three days. Participants will be divided into three routes, each covering more than 40 kilometers around U.S. bases and former battlegrounds.
A convention will be held Sunday in Ginowan, which hosts the U.S. Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, after the routes converge in the city.(IHT/Asahi: May 17,2008)
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Saturday, May 17th, 2008 |
Autoridades chinesas informaram nesta sexta-feira, 16, que quase cinco milhões de pessoas perderam suas casas depois do terremoto que devastou a província de Sichuan, no sudeste da China. Os oficiais acrescentaram que a extensão do problema só ficou clara após o serviço de comunicação ter sido restaurado. Até agora, cerca de 22 mil são dados como mortos, e milhares continuam desaparecidos. A mídia estatal divulgou que o número de vítimas pode chegar a 50 mil.
Em visita à província, o presidente da China, Hu Jintao, disse que os trabalhos de resgate estão na fase crucial. O primeiro-ministro Wen Jiabao declarou que o tremor, de 7,9 graus de magnitude, foi o mais amplo e destrutivo desde a fundação da República Popular, em 1949. Para o premiê, a escala do desastre foi maior que a do terremoto Tangshan em 1976, que deixou 240 mil mortos.
Tremores secundários - um chegou a 5.9 graus na escala Richter - continuam a atingir a região, provocando deslizamentos de terra e soterrando veículos. Por conta deles, as comunicações, que haviam sido restabelecidas, foram novamente interrompidas.
Prioridades
O vice-governador de Sichuan, Li Chengyun, disse que 4,8 milhões de pessoas estão em “abrigos temporários”. Autoridades locais afirmaram que, devido às estradas e comunicações cortadas, não foi possível mensurar antes o número correto de pessoas que perderam as suas casas.
“Por isso o número cresceu rapidamente assim que as comunicações e estradas foram religadas em algumas cidades”, explicou um oficial. A procura por sobreviventes continua intensa nesta sexta.
“Neste momento, os trabalhos de ajuda entraram na fase mais crucial. Nós precisamos fazer todos os esforços, correr contra o tempo e superar todas as dificuldades para alcançar a vitória final”, disse Hu.
Wen pediu que as autoridades garantam a estabilidade social, já que a frustração cresce entre os sobreviventes, muitos dos quais perderam tudo e vivem em barracas ou ao relento.”Se houver o mínimo de esperança, não vamos poupar esforços. Se houver um sobrevivente nos escombros, não vamos desistir”, disse o premiê, sobre os escombros de uma escola onde centenas estão soterrados.
Resistência
Milhares de moradores de Beichuan, uma das áreas mais atingidas pelo tremor de segunda-feira, de magnitude 7,9, pegaram a estrada para sair da cidade, levando bebês, bolsas e malas em busca de abrigo.
Um corpo jazia do lado de uma estrada, abandonado por alguém que não conseguia mais carregá-lo. Pedras do tamanho de carros também estão por toda parte, sinal dos deslizamentos de terra causados pelo terremoto. A cidade foi devastada - quase todos os prédios foram demolidos ou danificados e não podem mais ser habitados.
Ao sul, na vila de Houzhuang, os moradores dizem que resistem sozinhos, já que as equipes de ajuda ainda não chegaram até eles. “Comemos um pouco de milho, mas agora estamos com diarréia depois de beber água de um fosso por dois dias”, disse um morador, de apelido Liu.
“Agora estamos tentando tirar coisas dos escombros para usar, como roupas, mas estamos com muito medo de que haja outro terremoto, então temos que ter muito cuidado”, disse.
Avanços
A China mobilizou 130 mil militares e paramilitares para as áreas do desastre, mas com as estradas destruídas ou bloqueadas, fica difícil levar ajuda às áreas mais afetadas. As regiões vizinhas também sofrem, com mais de 50 mil desabrigados apenas em um condado da província de Gansu, ao norte do país, disse a Xinhua. Mas houve também pequenas vitórias.
A equipe de resgate salvou uma criança das ruínas de uma escola em Beichuan, 80 horas depois dela ser atingida pelo tremor. Eles disseram que podiam ouvir pedidos de ajuda entre os escombros, segundo a Xinhua. Três outras pessoas foram salvas na sexta-feira, duas nos escombros de um prédio de escritórios e outra, entre as ruínas de um hospital.
Além disso, 483 crianças e professores escaparam ilesos de uma escola destruída em Beichuan.
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Wednesday, May 14th, 2008 |
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The ruling coalition on Tuesday railroaded a bill through the Lower House to limit the use of road-specific tax revenues specifically for road construction for another decade.
Passage of the bill came hours after the Cabinet formally approved a policy that would free up such revenues for general purposes starting next fiscal year.
The conflicting nature of the bill and the government’s policy on road-tax revenue has sparked criticism in the political world, even among lawmakers in the ruling coalition.
The bill was rejected Monday in the opposition-controlled Upper House. But the legislation was passed in a second vote in the Lower House, where the ruling Liberal Democratic Party and coalition partner New Komeito hold a two-thirds majority.
The Cabinet’s approval Tuesday is designed to support Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda’s policy of allowing the use of road-specific tax revenues for general purposes from fiscal 2009.
The move apparently appeased coalition lawmakers who had earlier pointed out that the bill contradicted Fukuda’s policy.
But opposition parties, including Minshuto (Democratic Party of Japan), demanded the scrapping of the bill, saying the Cabinet’s approval does not resolve the inconsistencies.
The government by the end of the week plans to hold a first meeting of related Cabinet ministers to discuss road-specific tax revenues.
The Cabinet confirmed Tuesday that the government will continue to build “necessary” roads despite freeing up road-tax revenues for other purposes.
The use of tax revenues specifically for road construction has come under increasing criticism recently with revelations that the funds have been spent on leisure goods, karaoke machines, trips and other non-road purposes by land ministry bureaucrats and those at affiliated public entities.
The Cabinet’s policy included the elimination of wasteful spending by road-related public corporations and halving the government’s 10-year midterm road construction plan from fiscal 2008 to five years.
“(The government) will step up oversight of those corporations by outside experts and monitor and release the status of progress to obtain results acceptable to the public,” Fukuda said in the Cabinet meeting.
Asked about the criteria for a road to be deemed “necessary,” Chief Cabinet Secretary Nobutaka Machimura told reporters that it is an issue to be discussed later.
The passage of the road-specific tax bill marked the climax of the current Diet session. Sources said the coalition would not extend the Diet session beyond the scheduled end on June 15.
The focus of attention in political circles now shifts to a possible Cabinet reshuffle after the Group of Eight summit in July. |
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Wednesday, May 14th, 2008 |
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El Ejército ha enviado a más de 50.000 soldados para rescatar a los Las autoridades dan por muertos a 7.700 vecinos del distrito chino de Wenchuan, epicentro del terremoto del pasado lunes, con lo que la cifra total de fallecidos supera los 20.000.
De acuerdo con la última actualización de datos realizada por los medios oficiales, hay más de 25.000 entre los escombros y 14.000 desaparecidos.
Según He Biao, subsecretario general del gobierno de la prefectura de Aba, sólo 2.300 personas han sobrevivido a la catástrofe en la ciudad de Yingxiu, por lo que no creen que los otros 7.700 residentes sigan vivos, informó la agencia Xinhua.
Las cifras serán confirmadas en pocas horas en el recuento oficial de muertos, heridos, sepultados, desaparecidos y evacuados que ofrece cada día el gobierno provincial de Sichuan (suroeste de China).
Sin contar los probables fallecidos en Yingxiu, la cifra de muertos hasta ayer superaba los 12.000, además de 18.600 sepultados entre los escombros y más de 26.000 hospitalizados, según el último informe de las autoridades locales. “La situación en Yingxiu es todavía peor de lo esperado”, explicó un funcionario local.
En la vecina ciudad de Shuimo, donde viven 20.000 personas, carreteras y puentes quedaron gravemente dañados por el seísmo, por lo que los equipos de rescate no han podido llegar, y la población se encuentra muy necesitada de alimentos, medicinas y agua. “Muchas ciudades y pueblos del distrito (de Wenchuan) han sido reducidos a escombros”, explicó Wang Yi, oficial de la tropa de la policía armada que cubre esa zona.
Más de 50.000 efectivos del Ejército de Liberación Popular (ELP, el mayor del mundo con 2,3 millones de efectivos) trabajan a contrarreloj para intentar rescatar a los supervivientes de esta catástrofe transcurridas 48 horas desde el sismo. Cien soldados de elite saltarán en paracaídas en breve para llegar al epicentro en Wenchuan e iniciar las labores de socorro.
Los paracaidistas, seleccionados entre una fuerza especial aerotransportada, están reunidos en un aeropuerto militar en Chengdu, capital provincial de Sichuan. Las autoridades chinas tenían previsto enviar a estas tropas el martes, pero las duras condiciones meteorológicas lo impidieron. |
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Tuesday, May 13th, 2008 |
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China esperaba que 2008 fuera un año de celebración, un momento para beneficiarse de los próximos Juegos Olímpicos.
En cambio, el Año de la Rata ha traído una serie de desastres -tanto naturales como provocados por el hombre- que presionan intensamente al régimen comunista.
El terremoto que ayer sacudió la provincia de Sichuan y causó miles de muertos es tan sólo el más reciente de los desastres que afectaron al país.
China tiene una larga experiencia en catástrofes, desde explosiones en minas de carbón hasta derrames de sustancias químicas e inundaciones, que desplazan a decenas de miles de personas de un lugar a otro.
El gobierno central se enorgullece de su capacidad para reaccionar rápidamente, con despliegues de miles de soldados del inmenso ejército chino. El mandato del partido oficial radica, en parte, en ser capaz de dar auxilio en caso de emergencias.
Pero la capacidad de China para controlar los desastres y su repercusión en los medios se está reduciendo. Los líderes tratan de controlar la onda expansiva de sus múltiples problemas en la era de Internet, ávida de información, cuando en realidad habían esperado centrarse sólo en los Juegos Olímpicos.
“Esos Juegos representan un símbolo importante del esfuerzo de China para estar a la altura del resto del mundo”, comentó Roger Des Forges, especialista en historia china de la Universidad del Estado de Nueva York, en Buffalo.
“Pero para la mayoría de los chinos -añadió-, los Juegos son secundarios para la calidad de vida que buscan. De modo que estas cuestiones relacionadas con los desastres son primordiales en la mente de la gente, que observa cómo el gobierno trata de resolverlas.”
China demostró rápidamente ayer su reacción frente al sismo: el primer ministro, Wen Jiabao, viajó inmediatamente a la provincia de Sichuan para supervisar la asistencia en medio de la emergencia, y reconoció que la tarea será “particularmente ardua y un gran desafío”.
Todo tipo de problemas
Este año, los problemas de China comenzaron justo antes del Año Nuevo Lunar de febrero, cuando las peores nevadas en cinco décadas afectaron las densamente pobladas regiones del centro y sur del país. Causaron veintenas de muertos y dejaron varadas a cientos de miles de personas durante la única y sumamente activa temporada turística del país.
Mientras tanto, sus líderes también combatían los elevados niveles de inflación de la última década y, por todos los medios, trataban de mejorar la imagen del país como productor mundial, después del escándalo de alimentos y remedios en mal estado y las exportaciones de juguetes defectuosos.
En marzo, hubo masivas rebeliones antigubernamentales en Lhasa, capital del Tíbet. Las violentas protestas fueron el mayor desafío contra el régimen chino en esa región del Himalaya en casi dos décadas.
La posterior represión gubernamental provocó duras críticas internacionales contra el pobre historial de derechos humanos de Pekín y su gobierno en el Tíbet. Miles de soldados fueron desplegados a lo largo de una amplia franja del país para reprimir la agitación y restaurar el orden. Pero su masiva presencia dejó al descubierto cómo China tiraniza al Tíbet.
La imagen negativa alcanzó también a la gira mundial de la antorcha olímpica. Pese a la intención de que fuera un agradable acontecimiento inicial para los Juegos Olímpicos, la posta se convirtió en un caos por las manifestaciones de protesta tibetanas desde que fue encendida en la ceremonia de Grecia y en diversas escalas, entre ellas, Londres, París y San Francisco.
Las malas noticias siguieron llegando. En mayo se registró el peor accidente ferroviario chino en una década; la tragedia dejó 72 muertos, cuando un tren de alta velocidad descarriló y se estrelló contra otro en la provincia de Shandong.
Este mes también trajo un pronunciado aumento en el número de casos de la enfermedad de Mano-Pie-Boca, una infección viral que ha provocado la muerte de 39 niños este año.
Los líderes chinos eligieron cuidadosamente el 8 de agosto como el día inaugural de los Juegos (8-8-08) porque creen que se trata de un día particularmente auspicioso. El número ocho, ba, en chino, está estrechamente relacionado con la prosperidad y la buena suerte, porque su sonido es similar al de la palabra fa , que significa ´rico .
China no escatimó dinero para su debut olímpico y gastó unos 40.000 millones de dólares para mejorar la infraestructura y construir centros deportivos. Aparentemente, ese dinero fue bien invertido. Ninguna de las obras levantadas para los Juegos fue destruida por el sismo.
La serie de crisis, sin embargo, podría impulsar a China a evaluar nuevamente sus auténticas prioridades. “Pienso que de alguna manera esas crisis le recuerdan al régimen chino que, por más importantes que sean los Juegos Olímpicos, tal vez haya cuestiones más trascendentes que deben ser resueltas”, señaló Des Forges. |
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Tuesday, May 13th, 2008 |
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The opposition-controlled Upper House on Monday voted down proposed legislation designed to maintain road tax revenues exclusively for road construction for another decade.
The move paves the way for the ruling coalition to re-submit the same bill to the Lower House today and pass it into law courtesy of its two-thirds majority in the chamber.
The last time the Lower House passed into law a bill that had been voted down by the Upper House was in January when it approved a proposal to resume the Maritime Self-Defense Force mission of providing fuel to ships of other navies in the Indian Ocean as part of the U.S.-led fight against terrorism in Afghanistan.
On Monday, the road construction revenue bill was defeated with Minshuto (Democratic Party of Japan), the Japanese Communist Party and the Social Democratic Party voting against it. Kokumin Shinto (People’s New Party) abstained from the vote.
The bill was first passed in the Lower House on March 13. While deliberations in the Upper House began on April 16, real debate never got off the ground due to the growing confrontation between the ruling coalition and opposition camps.
The Upper House Financial Affairs Committee voted down the bill on May 9 after only six hours of questions and answers on the proposed legislation.
Minshuto officials blasted the ruling coalition for its stated intention of re-submitting the road construction revenue bill to the Lower House following a similar move in late April that reinstated special gasoline tax rates.
Minshuto Secretary-General Yukio Hatoyama told reporters Monday morning: “Ignoring public opinion in favor of using road tax revenues for general budget use and passing the legislation is not a rational decision. We will vigorously oppose the move.”
However, Minshuto made clear it is not yet ready to follow through on a threat to submit a censure motion in the Upper House against Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda.
Meanwhile, the ruling coalition on Monday submitted a motion to Lower House Speaker Yohei Kono requesting a second vote on the road construction revenue bill.
The Fukuda Cabinet is expected to approve a basic policy today related to road tax revenues that officials hope will help fend off criticism that passing legislation to extend the use of road tax revenues for road construction for the next decade runs counter to a recent promise made by Fukuda to use such revenues for general budget use from fiscal 2009.
Asked about the second vote on the road construction revenue legislation, Chief Cabinet Secretary Nobutaka Machimura said, “We will have to explain it carefully so that we can obtain the understanding of the public that we are implementing the appropriate policies.” |
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Monday, May 12th, 2008 |
Japan, aiming to lead climate change negotiations ahead of the Group of Eight summit in July, looks set to announce plans to cut its greenhouse gas emissions by 60 to 80 percent by 2050 from the current level, sources said.
Officials are still discussing specific figures. The government plans to announce the goal in June as part of Prime Minister Yasuo Fukuda’s strategy to combat global warming, the sources said.
Chief Cabinet Secretary Nobutaka Machimura said the strategy, dubbed Fukuda Vision, will be based on recommendations by a government panel on the climate change issue, due out in June.
“Japan has yet to make clear what to do with its own emissions in 2050,” Machimura said in a speech in Sapporo on Saturday.
The issue of climate change will be high on the agenda at the G-8 summit in Hokkaido’s Lake Toyako resort, to be chaired by Fukuda.
The European Union has promised to cut emissions from its member nations by 20 percent by 2020 from the 1990 level.
In April, U.S. President George W. Bush announced a goal to halt the growth of U.S. emissions by 2025.
Japan has yet to set any target, either midterm or long-term, to curb its own emissions.
In May 2007, then Prime Minister Shinzo Abe called for halving global emissions by 2050 as part of his Cool Earth 50 strategy.
Fukuda, who took over Abe’s goal, presented two additional policies at the World Economic Forum meeting in Davos, Switzerland, in January.
He said Japan will take the initiative so that new national emissions reduction targets will be set under the framework that will succeed the Kyoto Protocol and that Japan will set its own midterm goal.
But the midterm goal is not expected to be ready by the G-8 summit because the government plans to tally potential reduction volumes in various sectors, such as industry and households, to arrive at the national target.
To halve global emissions by 2050, industrialized economies will be required to reduce their greenhouse gas output by larger margins than developing countries.
The EU said it aims to cut its emissions by 60 to 80 percent by 2050 from the 1990 level.
The government has concluded that Japan’s own long-term goal will have to specify a similar percentage, the sources said.
It plans to finalize the long-term goal, also taking into account a report from the National Institute for Environment Studies that it will be possible for Japan to cut its emissions by 70 percent in 2050 from the 1990 level.
Japan’s long-term goal is not expected to be legally binding, the sources said.
A long-term goal, unlike a midterm goal, will not have to be specified in law, a senior government official said.
Still, the long-term goal, once it is set, will likely give momentum to the introduction of new measures, such as domestic carbon trading, and the development of innovative technologies.
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